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	Fifth Assessment Report (AR5)

Working Group II AR5 Writing Teams

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PART A: GLOBAL AND SECTORAL ASPECTS
Context for the AR5 Ch. 1 — Point of departure Ch. 2 — Foundations for decisionmaking Natural and Managed Resources and Systems, and Their Uses Ch. 3 — Freshwater resources Ch. 4 — Terrestrial and inland water systems Ch. 5 — Coastal systems and low-lying areas Ch. 6 — Ocean systems Ch. 7 — Food production systems and food security Human Settlements, Industry, and Infrastructure Ch. 8 — Urban Areas Ch. 9 — Rural Areas Ch. 10 — Key economic sectors and services	Human Health, Well-Being, and Security Ch. 11 — Human health Ch. 12 — Human security Ch. 13 — Livelihoods and poverty Adaptation Ch. 14 — Adaptation needs and options Ch. 15 — Adaptation planning and implementation Ch. 16 — Adaptation opportunities, constraints, and limits Ch. 17 — Economics of adaptation Multi-Sector Impacts, Risks, Vulnerabilities, and Opportunities Ch. 18 — Detection and attribution of observed impacts Ch. 19 — Emergent risks and key vulnerabilities Ch. 20 — Climate-resilient pathways: adaptation, mitigation, and sustainable development
PART B: REGIONAL ASPECTS
Ch. 21 — Regional context Regional Chapters Ch. 22 — Africa Ch. 23 — Europe Ch. 24 — Asia Ch. 25 — Australasia	Regional Chapters (continued) Ch. 26 — North America Ch. 27 — Central and South America Ch. 28 — Polar Regions Ch. 29 — Small Islands Ch. 30 — Open Oceans

updated 15 April 2011

PART A: GLOBAL AND SECTORAL ASPECTS

Context for the AR5

Chapter 1 — Point of departure
CLA	Virginia Burkett United States Geological Survey	Avelino G. Suarez Institute of Ecology and Systematics, Cuban Environmental Agency
LA	Marco Bindi University of Florence	Cecilia Conde Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México	William Hare Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
LA	Rupa Mukerji HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation	Michael Prather University of California, Irvine	Asuncion Lera St.Clair Centre for International Climate and Environmental Research-Oslo (CICERO)
LA	Gary Yohe Wesleyan University
RE	Hervé Le Treut Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/ Institut Pierre Simon Laplace	Jean Palutikof Griffith University

Chapter 2 — Foundations for decisionmaking
CLA	Roger Jones Victoria University	Anand Patwardhan Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay
LA	Stewart Cohen Environment Canada	Suraje Dessai University of Exeter	Annamaria Lammel Université Paris 8
LA	Robert Lempert RAND Corporation	Monirul Mirza Environment Canada	Hans von Storch Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht
RE	Rosina Bierbaum University of Michigan	Nicholas King Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Natural and Managed Resources and Systems, and Their Uses

Chapter 3 — Freshwater resources
CLA	Blanca Jimenez Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México	Taikan Oki University of Tokyo
LA	Nigel Arnell University of Reading	Gerardo Benito Spanish Council for Scientific Research	J. Graham Cogley Trent University
LA	Petra Doell Goethe University Frankfurt	Tong Jiang China Meteorological Administration	Shadrack S. Mwakalila University of Dar es Salaam
RE	Pavel Kabat Wageningen University and Research Centre	Zbigniew Kundzewicz Polish Academy of Sciences

Chapter 4 — Terrestrial and inland water systems
CLA	Robert Scholes Council for Scientific and Industrial Research	Josef Settele Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
LA	Richard Betts Met Office Hadley Centre	Stuart Bunn Griffith University	Paul Leadley Universite Paris-Sud 11
LA	Daniel Nepstad Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM)	Jonathan Overpeck University of Arizona	Miguel Angel Taboada Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
RE	Andreas Fischlin ETH Zurich, Systems Ecology	José Moreno University of Castilla - La Mancha	Terry L. Root Stanford University

Chapter 5 — Coastal systems and low-lying areas
CLA	Iñigo J. Losada Universidad de Cantabria	Poh Poh Wong National University of Singapore
LA	Jean-Pierre Gattuso Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique	Abdellatif Khattabi Ecole Nationale Forestiere d'Ingénieurs	Yoshiki Saito National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
LA	Asbury Sallenger U.S. Geological Survey	Anond Snidvongs Chulalongkorn University
RE	Robert Nicholls University of Southampton	Filipe Santos University of Lisbon

Chapter 6 — Ocean systems
CLA	David Karl University of Hawaii	Hans-O. Pörtner Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research
LA	Phil Boyd National Institute of Water and Atmosphere	William Cheung University of British Columbia	Salvador Lluch-Cota Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C.
LA	Yukihiro Nojiri National Institute for Environmental Studies	Daniela Schmidt University of Bristol	Peter Zavialov P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology
RE	Kenneth Drinkwater Institute of Marine Research	Alexander Polonsky Marine Hydrophysical Institute of National Academy of Sciences

Chapter 7 — Food production systems and food security
CLA	John R. Porter University of Copenhagen	Liyong Xie Shenyang Agricultural University
LA	Andrew Challinor University of Leeds	Kevern Cochrane Food and Agriculture Organization	Mark Howden Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
LA	Muhammad Mohsin Iqbal Global Change Impact Studies Centre	David Lobell Stanford University	María Isabel Travasso Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
RE	Pramod Aggarwal Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi	Kaija Hakala MTT Agrifood Research Finland

Human Settlements, Industry, and Infrastructure

Chapter 8 — Urban areas
CLA	Aromar Revi Indian Institute for Human Settlements	David Satterthwaite International Institute for Environment and Development
LA	Fernando Aragon Centro Mario Molina	Jan Corfee-Morlot Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development	Robert B. R. Kiunsi Ardhi University
LA	Mark Pelling King's College London	Debra Roberts Ethekwini Municipality	William Solecki City University of New York
RE	John Balbus National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences	Omar-Dario Cardona Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Chapter 9 — Rural areas
CLA	Purnamita Dasgupta Institute of Economic Growth	John Morton Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich
LA	David Dodman International Institute for Environment and Development	Baris Karapinar University of Bern	Francisco Meza Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
LA	Marta Rivera-Ferre Center for Research of Agro-food Economy and Development	Aissa Toure Sarr Int'l Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)	Katharine Vincent Kulima Integrated Development Solutions
RE	Habib Amamou Ministry of Agriculture, Water Resources and Fisheries	Edward Carr University of South Carolina

Chapter 10 — Key economic sectors and services
CLA	Douglas Arent National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Richard S.J. Tol Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
LA	Eberhard Faust Munich Reinsurance Company	Joseph P. Hella Sokoine University of Agriculture	Surender Kumar University of Delhi
LA	Ken Strzepek UNU - World Institute for Development Economics Research/MIT	Ferenc L. Tóth International Atomic Energy Agency	Denghua Yan China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
RE	Amjad Abdulla Ministry of Housing and Environment	Haroon Kheshgi ExxonMobil Corporate Strategic Research	He Xu Center for Strategic Environmental Assessment, Nankai University

Human Health, Well-Being, and Security

Chapter 11 — Human health
CLA	Kirk R. Smith University of California, Berkeley	Alistair Woodward University of Auckland
LA	Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum	Dave Chadee University of the West Indies	Rita Colwell University of Maryland College Park
LA	Yasushi Honda University of Tsukuba	Qiyong Liu National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention	Jane Mukarugwiza Olwoch Department of Geography, Geo-informatics & Meteorology, University of Pretoria
LA	Boris Revich Institute of Forecasting Russian Academy of Science	Rainer Sauerborn Umeå University
RE	Ulisses Confalonieri Oswaldo Cruz Foundation	Andrew Haines London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

Chapter 12 — Human security
CLA	Neil Adger Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia	Juan Pulhin University of the Philippine Los Baños
LA	Jonathon Barnett University of Melbourne	Geoff Dabelko Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars	Grete Hovelsrud Center for International Climate and Environmental Research - Oslo
LA	Patricia Kameri-Mbote Strathmore University	Marc Levy Columbia University	Ursula Oswald-Spring Centro Regional de Investigaciones Multidiscipinarias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
RE	Paulina Aldunce University of Chile	Robin Leichenko Rutgers University

Chapter 13 — Livelihoods and poverty
CLA	Lennart Olsson Lund University	Maggie Opondo University of Nairobi, Kenya
LA	Arun Agrawal University of Michigan	Siri Eriksen Norwegian University of Life Sciences	Shiming Ma Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
LA	Tom Mitchell Overseas Development Institute	Petra Tschakert Pennsylvania State University	Sumaya Zakieldeen Khartoum University
RE	Etienne Piguet University of Neuchatel	Rita Sharma Retired Secretary to Government of India

Adaptation

Chapter 14 — Adaptation needs and options
CLA	Saleemul Huq International Institute for Environment and Development	Ian Noble The World Bank
LA	Yury Anokhin Institute of Global Climate and Ecology	JoAnn Carmin Massachusetts Institute of Technology	Dieudonne Goudou High Commission of Niger Valley Development
LA	Felino Lansigan University of the Philippine Los Baños	Balgis Osman-Elasha African Development Bank	Alicia Villamizar Universidad Simón Bolívar
RE	Anthony Patt International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis	Kuniyoshi Takeuchi International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management

Chapter 15 — Adaptation planning and implementation
CLA	Nobuo Mimura Ibaraki University	Roger Pulwarty National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
LA	Do Minh Duc Hanoi University of Science	Ibrahim Elshinnawy National Water Research Center, Egypt	Margaret Hiza Redsteer U.S. Geological Survey
LA	He-Qing Huang Chinese Academy of Sciences	Johnson Ndi Nkem United Nations Development Programme	Roberto A. Sanchez Rodriguez El Colegio de la Frontera Norte
RE	Richard Moss Joint Global Change Research Institute – Pacific Northwest National Laboratory	Walter Vergara Inter-American Development Bank

Chapter 16 — Adaptation opportunities, constraints, and limits
CLA	Richard Klein Stockholm Environment Institute	Guy Midgley South African National Biodiversity Institute	Benjamin Preston Oak Ridge National Laboratory
LA	Mozaharul Alam United Nations Environment Programme	Frans Berkhout VU University	Kirstin Dow University of South Carolina / Carolinas RISA
LA	Yu'e Li Chinese Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture	Elena Mateescu National Meteorological Administration	Rebecca Shaw The Nature Conservancy
RE	Habiba Gitay The World Bank	James Thurlow United Nations University's World Institute for Development Economics Research

Chapter 17 — Economics of adaptation
CLA	Muyeye Chambwera International Institute for Environment and Development	Geoff Heal Columbia Business School
LA	Carolina Dubeux Federal University of Rio de Janeiro	Stephane Hallegatte CIRED and Meteo-France	Liza Leclerc Independent Consultant
LA	Anil Markandya Basque Centre for Climate Change	Bruce McCarl Texas A&M University	Reinhard Mechler International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
LA	James Neumann Industrial Economics, Incorporated
RE	Eduardo Calvo Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos	Ana Iglesias Polytechnic University of Madrid	Stale Navrud Norwegian University of Life Sciences

Multi-Sector Impacts, Risks, Vulnerabilities, and Opportunities

Chapter 18 — Detection and attribution of observed impacts
CLA	Wolfgang Cramer Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research	Gary Yohe Wesleyan University
LA	Maximilian Auffhammer University of California, Berkeley	Christian Huggel University of Zurich	Ulf Molau University of Gothenburg
LA	Maria Assuncao Silva Dias University of Sao Paulo	Andrew Solow Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution	Dáithí Stone Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
LA	Lourdes Tibig The Manila Observatory
RE	Rik Leemans Wageningen Univeristy	Bernard Seguin Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique	Neville Smith Bureau of Meteorology

Chapter 19 — Emergent risks and key vulnerabilities
CLA	Maximiliano Campos Organization of American States	Michael Oppenheimer Princeton University
LA	Joern Birkmann United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security	George Luber Centers for Disease Control and Prevention	Brian O'Neill National Center for Atmospheric Research
LA	Kiyoshi Takahashi National Institute for Environmental Studies	Rachel Warren University of East Anglia
RE	Mike Brklacich Carleton University	Sergey Semenov Institute of Global Climate and Ecology

Chapter 20 — Climate-resilient pathways: adaptation, mitigation, and sustainable develop
CLA	Fatima Denton International Development Research Centre	Thomas Wilbanks Oak Ridge National Laboratory
LA	Ian Burton University of Toronto	Achala Chandani Abeysinghe International Institute for Environment and Development	Qingzhu Gao Chinese Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
LA	Maria Carmen Lemos University of Michigan	Toshihiko Masui National Institute for Environmental Studies	Karen O'Brien University of Oslo
LA	Koko Warner United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security
RE	Suruchi Bhadwal The Energy and Resources Institute	Walter Leal Hamburg University of Applied Sciences	Jean-Pascal van Ypersele Université Catholique de Louvain

PART B: REGIONAL ASPECTS

Chapter 21 — Regional context
CLA	Bruce Charles Hewitson University of Cape Town	Anthony Janetos Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
LA	Timothy Carter Finnish Environment Institute	Filippo Giorgi Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics	Richard Jones Met Office Hadley Centre
LA	Won-Tae Kwon National Institute of Meteorological Research	Linda Mearns National Center for Atmospheric Research	Lisa Schipper Stockholm Environment Institute
LA	Maarten van Aalst Red Cross / Red Crescent Climate Centre
RE	Tom Downing Global Climate Adaptation Partnership	Phil Duffy Climate Central, Inc.

Regional Chapters

Chapter 22 — Africa
CLA	Isabelle Niang University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar	Oliver Ruppel University of Stellenbosch
LA	Mohamed Abdrabo Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria	Ama Essel Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital / University of Ghana Medical School	Papa Demba Fall University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar, Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire
LA	Fatou Ndeye Gaye Ministry of Forestry and Environment	Jon Padgham	Marie-Louise Rakotondrafara Madagascar National Weather Service
RE	Pauline Dube University of Botswana	Neil Leary Dickinson College

Chapter 23 — Europe
CLA	Sari Kovats London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine	Riccardo Valentini University of Tuscia and Euro-Mediterranean Center for Climate Change
LA	Laurens Bouwer Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam	Elena Georgopoulou National Observatory of Athens	Daniela Jacob Climate Service Center, Hamburg
LA	Eric Martin Meteo-France	Mark Rounsevell University of Edinburgh	Jean-Francois Soussana French National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment Research
RE	Lucka Kajfez Bogataj University of Ljubljana	Roman Corobov Independent Researcher	Joan O. Grimalt Spanish Council for Scientific Research

Chapter 24 — Asia
CLA	Yasuaki Hijioka National Institute for Environmental Studies	Erda Lin Agro-environment and Sustainable Development Institute	Joy Jacqueline Pereira Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
LA	Richard Corlett National University of Singapore	Xuefeng Cui Beijing Normal University	Gregory Insarov Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences
LA	Rodel Lasco World Agroforestry Center	Elisabet Lindgren Karolinska Institutet	Akhilesh Surjan United Nations University
RE	Rosa Perez Manila Observatory	Kazuhiko Takeuchi United Nations University

Chapter 25 — Australasia
CLA	Roger Kitching Griffith University	Andy Reisinger New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre
LA	Francis Chiew Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization - Land and Water	Lesley Hughes Macquarie University	Paul Newton AgResearch
LA	Sandra Schuster Independent Consultant	Andrew Tait National Institute of Water and Atmosphere	Penny Whetton Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization - Marine and Atmospheric Research
RE	Blair Fitzharris University of Otago	David Karoly University of Melbourne

Chapter 26 — North America
CLA	Patricia Romero Lankao National Center for Atmospheric Research	Joel Smith Stratus Consulting Inc.
LA	Debra Davidson University of Alberta	Noah Diffenbaugh Stanford University	Patrick Kinney Columbia University
LA	Paul Kirshen University New Hampshire	Paul Kovacs Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction	Lourdes Villers Ruiz Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
RE	Ana Rosa Moreno School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México	Linda Mortsch Environment Canada

Chapter 27 — Central and South America
CLA	Graciela Odilia Magrin Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria	Jose Marengo Centro de Ciências do Sistema Terrestre (CCST) - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)
LA	Jean-Phillipe Boulanger Institut de Recherche pour le Développement	Marcos Buckeridge University of Sao Paulo	Edwin Castellanos Universidad del Valle de Guatemala
LA	Carlos Nobre Ministry of Science and Technology	Germán Poveda Universidad Nacional de Colombia	Fabio Scarano Conservation International
LA	Sebastian Vicuna Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
RE	Leonidas Osvaldo Girardin Fundación Bariloche	Jean Ometto National Institute for Space Research

Chapter 28 — Polar Regions
CLA	Oleg Anisimov State Hydrological Institute	Joan Nymand Larsen Stefansson Arctic Institute
LA	Anne Hollowed National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center	Nancy Maynard NASA Goddard Space Flight Center	Pål Prestrud CICERO Center for Climate Research in Oslo
LA	Terry Prowse Environment Canada and University of Victoria	John Stone Carleton University
RE	Maria Ananicheva Institute of Geography	Terry Chapin University of Alaska Fairbanks

Chapter 29 — Small Islands
CLA	Roger McLean University of New South Wales	Leonard Nurse University of the West Indies
LA	John Agard University of the West Indies	Lino Pascal Briguglio Islands and Small States Institute, University of Malta	Rolph Payet University of Seychelles
LA	Netatua Pelesikoti Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme	Emma Tompkins University of Southampton (Highfield Campus)	Arthur Webb Applied Geoscience Division SP.C.
RE	Thomas Spencer University of Cambridge	Kazuya Yasuhara Ibaraki University

Chapter 30 — Open Oceans
CLA	Rongshuo Cai Third Institute of Oceanography, Chinese State Oceanic Administration	Ove Hoegh-Guldberg University of Queensland
LA	Peter G. Brewer Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute	Victoria J. Fabry California State University, San Marcos	Karim Hilmi Institut National de Recherche Halieutique
LA	Sukgeun Jung Jeju National University	Elvira Poloczanska Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Marine and Atmospheric Research	Svein Sundby Institute of Marine Research
RE	Omar Ly Environment and Fisheries Department / INGESAHEL-sa	Carol Turley Plymouth Marine Laboratory

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